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بوح الروح الأحد ديسمبر 06, 2009 8:18 amPhilosophy of idealism and realism
Sophist arguments and Socratic dialogue and debates in the Muslim critique of culture that has spread in Greece giving rise to a lot of contradictory intellectual movements, but the most important and largest of idealism and realism. Idealism (Idealism) and its leader, Plato, who believed - like his teacher Socrates (470 BC. M - 399 BC). - That the values and virtues are not fixed and that education must change to take care of reflection and imagination while for the realist school (Realism) - and pioneered by Aristotle (384 BC. m - 322 BC). - that caring for the most important senses to focus on the imagination and consistent with the ideal of the virtues that fixed. There is no doubt that the idealism inherent in the roots of Indian and Chinese thought, which means that the ideal does not mean the birth of a school of thought is not known at all by Greece.
Upheld the school of realism regarding the senses and unloaded from the sky meditation philosophy and ideals to the real world and the senses so expanded the curriculum arena because it started to include astronomical sciences and sports in addition to traditional Humanities. See the ideal of human nature that consists of dual soul and the body must be taken into account this duality for the upbringing of the individual as deviant. Must transcend the spirit of education, without neglecting the body and because the world of ideals is a very spiritual elevation, the virtues universally accepted truths and values, the major fixed does not change. Represents the certainty of the eternal spirit world The world of the body and the world of temporary Mahsusat it is deceptive, the intellectual advancement is better than earning a pension. Reflect on the world stage of the spirit of perfection.
Provided the ideal philosophy of education Socratic idea generation that is to raise the mind and motivated him to seek autonomy. "It was Socrates says that his mother who is a professional industry, they are born of women and children experiencing labor pains, which is born of soul and see the throes of ideas" (Bagarc and Ansi, 1986, p. 15).
Interested in education in the abstract philosophical ideal spiritual issues have also become monotonous old ways - based on upholding the abstract thinking and archiving of information - occupies a larger space in the schools.
Endorsed John Locke (1632 - 1704 AD) the realist school of thought, for they gave cash and more room that it sees that experience and reality and the senses - example, and not abstract - the basis of knowledge and safest way to obtain the knowledge, and look in, and benefit from it. Locke sees the child as a blank sheet of ink draw the lines are real-life experience. This philosophy was to emphasize the need to study natural phenomena as well as care in mathematics and other sciences.
John's Wort is Komenus Amos (1592-1670 m) of the pioneers of the realist school sensory Cheke a philosopher. Komenus was the first A picture book for children called Mahsusat the world of comics, not only focused on children only, but included by the mothers, where he stayed with them a specialized school to educate them (Huli, and Massad, 2002, p. 75). More than four hundred years of systematic work presented Komenus innovative in the world of the child when he wrote a book about the world of comic Mahsusat to make the image of the most important methods of teaching children in schools with a focus on teaching children the facts of life has been used in his book "view of things instead of words, symbols, and by offering Picture the same things "(Hvhq, 1980, p 222). No wonder that scholars see it as the first founder of the modern education for children and that the teacher of nations. To this day Europeans are proud of this flag because it took care of the mental and moral education both as well as a sensory method of teaching overall impact for several centuries in the world educational thought (Psenak. 1991). Although his life was troubled full of hardship and persecution, but it is rightly pleased the world's children education.
Established realistic approach of experimentation and exchange of scientific and systematic uncertainty, and encouraged the learner to observe natural phenomena on a regular basis and called for the realization of the mind in the analysis and exploitation of the senses to find the facts certainties. Unlike the French philosopher Rene Descartes (1596 - 1650 AD) an aspect of this approach in the mantra "I think, and therefore I exist." Can not access to the facts of religious and secular only through the approach of the doubt. Alchuki approach is the right way to find out the existence of God, and to see life, and know the truth.
Thus, this school did not distinguish between the world of ideals, spirit and body and between the world of reality did not elaborate on intellectual reflection, as did Plato. Mhamed realistic movement of the intellectual she has professional education and called for the need to link the educational curricula Belmejryat daily needs and real life.
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